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By Laura Russell, FNP, Amy Myers, FNP and Kofi Nuako, MD
You may have heard that obesity has recently been classified as a disease by several organizations. What does that mean? Obesity simply means that body fat has accumulated in an excess way that can negatively impact a person’s health. However, the disease of obesity is not a simple problem. Obesity is a chronic disease that is becoming more common in the United States and worldwide. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, more than one-third of adults in the United States are obese and another large fraction are overweight. Body mass index (BMI) is the first step to determine the degree of overweight or obesity. This is a calculation using body height and body weight.
• Underweight – BMI less than 18.5 kg/m2
• Normal weight – BMI 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2
• Overweight – BMI 25.0 to 29.9 kg/m2
• Obesity – BMI 30.0 kg/m2 and above
• Morbid Obesity – BMI 40.0 kg/m2 or greater
What are the risks?
BMI is increasing worldwide with 36.9% men and 38% women estimated to have a BMI equal to or greater than 25. Obesity has been associated with an increased risk of death and with risks of many health disorders such as diabetes, high blood pressure, stroke, elevated cholesterol, heart disease, sleep apnea and cancer. Personal perceptions of obesity have also changed. Fewer obese and overweight people actually see themselves as overweight or obese as they view their body image as normal.
Gastrointestinal risks related to obesity include gallbladder disease and cancer of the stomach, liver, and colon. Being 30 – 40 % overweight will increase your risk of colon or rectal cancer by 50% and gallbladder cancer by 83%. If you are more than 40% over your ideal weight, your cancer risks increases tremendously to 71% for colon or rectal and 249% for gallbladder cancer. Many patients with excess body fat develop fatty liver disease. This is an extremely common condition that in some cases can lead to life threatening liver complications such as cirrhosis and cancer.
What can I do to decrease my BMI and health risks of obesity?
You may be screened for overweight and obesity by measuring height, weight and calculating BMI at your annual health examination. In addition to BMI, waist circumference is also used to assess abdominal obesity. A waist circumference of 40 inches or greater in men and 35 inches or greater in women is considered abnormal. Screening with BMI, waist circumference, and risk factor assessment is an inexpensive screening that is available from all clinicians. If you are diagnosed as being overweight or obese, you may need additional screenings of fasting glucose level, thyroid stimulating hormone, liver enzymes, and fasting cholesterol.
Many factors contribute to the development of obesity. Most are related to factors such as increased caloric intake, a sedentary lifestyle, and social behaviors. There are medical reasons for obesity which can be evaluated with a history and physical exam. Some of the medicines you take may cause weight gain but they are not likely to cause you to be overweight or obese.
As you age, your body burns fewer calories and your body set weight increases. This is due to changes in muscle mass, hormone levels, and a decrease in exercise habits. If you continue to eat the same amount of calories, the excess calories will be stored as fat. Many women do not realize that in the menopausal years, the body is pro grammed to store fat under the skin and around the organs while slowing the metabolism. Normal estrogen levels actually suppress a woman’s appetite. The same holds true for men with lowered testosterone levels.
Let us help you be healthier!
Now that you are aware of the problem of obesity and associated medical risks that come along with the disease, you may be asking how to lower your BMI and risks. Weight loss of 5 to 10% of your current weight has been proven to decrease health risks and improve overall wellbeing. Any person who could benefit from weight loss should receive counseling on diet, physical activity, behavioral modification, and goals for weight loss. The primary aim of weight loss is an increased quality and quantity of life, not just the cosmetic image.
At Advanced Gastroenterolgy, we have recently developed a special interest in the diagnosis and treatment of overweight and obesity because of the complications we have noted in our patients. To learn more about our weight loss programs or to schedule an appointment, please contact our office at 731-884-0600 or visit us online at www.ucgastro.com.
By Laura Russell, FNP, Amy Myers, FNP and Kofi Nuako, MD
You may have heard that obesity has recently been classified as a disease by several organizations. What does that mean? Obesity simply means that body fat has accumulated in an excess way that can negatively impact a person’s health. However, the disease of obesity is not a simple problem. Obesity is a chronic disease that is becoming more common in the United States and worldwide. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, more than one-third of adults in the United States are obese and another large fraction are overweight. Body mass index (BMI) is the first step to determine the degree of overweight or obesity. This is a calculation using body height and body weight.
• Underweight – BMI less than 18.5 kg/m2
• Normal weight – BMI 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2
• Overweight – BMI 25.0 to 29.9 kg/m2
• Obesity – BMI 30.0 kg/m2 and above
• Morbid Obesity – BMI 40.0 kg/m2 or greater
What are the risks?
BMI is increasing worldwide with 36.9% men and 38% women estimated to have a BMI equal to or greater than 25. Obesity has been associated with an increased risk of death and with risks of many health disorders such as diabetes, high blood pressure, stroke, elevated cholesterol, heart disease, sleep apnea and cancer. Personal perceptions of obesity have also changed. Fewer obese and overweight people actually see themselves as overweight or obese as they view their body image as normal.
Gastrointestinal risks related to obesity include gallbladder disease and cancer of the stomach, liver, and colon. Being 30 – 40 % overweight will increase your risk of colon or rectal cancer by 50% and gallbladder cancer by 83%. If you are more than 40% over your ideal weight, your cancer risks increases tremendously to 71% for colon or rectal and 249% for gallbladder cancer. Many patients with excess body fat develop fatty liver disease. This is an extremely common condition that in some cases can lead to life threatening liver complications such as cirrhosis and cancer.
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What can I do to decrease my BMI and health risks of obesity?
You may be screened for overweight and obesity by measuring height, weight and calculating BMI at your annual health examination. In addition to BMI, waist circumference is also used to assess abdominal obesity. A waist circumference of 40 inches or greater in men and 35 inches or greater in women is considered abnormal. Screening with BMI, waist circumference, and risk factor assessment is an inexpensive screening that is available from all clinicians. If you are diagnosed as being overweight or obese, you may need additional screenings of fasting glucose level, thyroid stimulating hormone, liver enzymes, and fasting cholesterol.
Many factors contribute to the development of obesity. Most are related to factors such as increased caloric intake, a sedentary lifestyle, and social behaviors. There are medical reasons for obesity which can be evaluated with a history and physical exam. Some of the medicines you take may cause weight gain but they are not likely to cause you to be overweight or obese.
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As you age, your body burns fewer calories and your body set weight increases. This is due to changes in muscle mass, hormone levels, and a decrease in exercise habits. If you continue to eat the same amount of calories, the excess calories will be stored as fat. Many women do not realize that in the menopausal years, the body is pro grammed to store fat under the skin and around the organs while slowing the metabolism. Normal estrogen levels actually suppress a woman’s appetite. The same holds true for men with lowered testosterone levels.
Let us help you be healthier!
Now that you are aware of the problem of obesity and associated medical risks that come along with the disease, you may be asking how to lower your BMI and risks. Weight loss of 5 to 10% of your current weight has been proven to decrease health risks and improve overall wellbeing. Any person who could benefit from weight loss should receive counseling on diet, physical activity, behavioral modification, and goals for weight loss. The primary aim of weight loss is an increased quality and quantity of life, not just the cosmetic image.
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At Advanced Gastroenterolgy, we have recently developed a special interest in the diagnosis and treatment of overweight and obesity because of the complications we have noted in our patients. To learn more about our weight loss programs or to schedule an appointment, please contact our office at 731-884-0600 or visit us online at www.ucgastro.com.